### How Sugar Leads to Tooth Decay and How to Prevent It Sugar is known to be bad for your teeth, but it's not the sugar itself that causes the damage. When you consume sugary foods and drinks, harmful bacteria in your mouth feed on the sugar and produce acids. These acids attack your tooth enamel, the outer protective layer of your teeth, in a process called demineralization. Over time, repeated acid attacks weaken the enamel, leading to cavities. Your mouth is home to many types of bacteria, some beneficial and some harmful. The harmful bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sorbrinus, thrive on sugar and form dental plaque, a sticky film on your teeth. If not removed by saliva or brushing, this plaque can lead to an acidic environment that promotes tooth decay. To fight tooth decay, it's essential to maintain a balance between demineralization and remineralization. Your saliva naturally helps repair enamel by providing minerals like calcium and phosphate. Fluoride from toothpaste and water also aids in this repair process. Here are some tips to prevent tooth decay: 1. **Limit Sugary Foods and Drinks**: Reduce your intake of sugary snacks and beverages. If you do consume them, try to have them with meals rather than between meals. 2. **Drink Water**: Opt for water, especially fluoridated tap water, instead of sugary or acidic drinks. Drinking water helps rinse away sugar and acids. 3. **Use a Straw**: When drinking sugary or acidic beverages, use a straw to minimize contact with your teeth. 4. **Eat a Balanced Diet**: Include whole grains, fresh fruits, vegetables, and dairy products in your diet to promote overall dental health. 5. **Practice Good Oral Hygiene**: Brush your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, and consider chewing sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production. 6. **Regular Dental Visits**: Visit your dentist every six months for check-ups and cleanings. By following these steps, you can reduce your risk of tooth decay and maintain a healthy smile.