# How Gum Disease and Cardiovascular Risk are Connected Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It's typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—to build up on the teeth and harden. In advanced stages, gum disease can lead to sore, bleeding gums; painful chewing problems; and even tooth loss. But did you know that gum disease can also affect your heart health? Research has shown that there is a connection between gum disease and cardiovascular disease, which includes heart disease and stroke. Here's how: ## Inflammation Gum disease causes inflammation in the gums. This inflammation can spread to other parts of the body, including the arteries. When the arteries become inflamed, it can lead to atherosclerosis, a condition where the arteries harden and narrow. This can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. ## Bacteria The bacteria that cause gum disease can enter the bloodstream through the gums. Once in the bloodstream, these bacteria can travel to the heart and attach to any damaged area, causing inflammation. This can result in endocarditis, an infection of the inner lining of the heart. ## Immune Response The body's immune response to the bacteria that cause gum disease can also affect the heart. The immune system releases substances to fight the infection, but these substances can also cause inflammation in the arteries, contributing to cardiovascular disease. ## Risk Factors Certain risk factors can increase the likelihood of both gum disease and cardiovascular disease. These include smoking, poor diet, and diabetes. Managing these risk factors can help reduce the risk of both conditions. ## Prevention Good oral hygiene is crucial in preventing gum disease. This includes brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing daily, and visiting your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings. Additionally, maintaining a healthy diet, not smoking, and managing conditions like diabetes can help reduce the risk of both gum disease and cardiovascular disease. In conclusion, taking care of your gums is not just about keeping your teeth healthy—it's also about protecting your heart. By maintaining good oral hygiene and managing risk factors, you can help reduce the risk of both gum disease and cardiovascular disease.