### What is Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)? Dry mouth, also known as Xerostomia, occurs when your salivary glands don't produce enough saliva to keep your mouth moist. Saliva is essential for moistening and cleansing our mouths, digesting food, and preventing infections by controlling bacteria and fungi. ### Causes of Dry Mouth Dry mouth can be caused by various factors, including: - Medications: Many prescription and over-the-counter drugs can cause dry mouth as a side effect. - Medical Conditions: Diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and stroke can lead to dry mouth. - Damage to Salivary Glands: Radiation therapy for cancer can damage salivary glands. - Dehydration: Not drinking enough fluids can result in dry mouth. ### Symptoms of Dry Mouth Common symptoms include: - A sticky, dry feeling in the mouth - Trouble chewing, swallowing, or speaking - A dry or sore throat - Cracked lips - A burning or tingling sensation in the mouth - Bad breath ### Why is it Important to Treat Dry Mouth? Besides causing discomfort, dry mouth can increase the risk of gingivitis (gum disease), tooth decay, and mouth infections like thrush. It can also make it difficult to wear dentures. ### Treatment for Dry Mouth Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Generally, it focuses on three areas: - **Medication Adjustment:** If a medication is causing dry mouth, consult your doctor. They may adjust the dose or switch you to a different drug. - **Increasing Saliva Flow:** If the condition causing dry mouth can't be changed, treatments may focus on increasing saliva flow. This can include medications like Salagen or Evoxac, which are FDA-approved to treat dry mouth. - **Oral Hygiene:** Good oral hygiene is crucial. Use toothpaste, mouthwashes, and moisturizing gels designed for dry mouth. Your doctor may also prescribe an oral rinse to restore moisture. ### Home Remedies and Tips You can also try these steps to improve saliva flow: - Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candies. - Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water. - Use a humidifier at night to add moisture to the air. - Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine, as they can dry out your mouth. ### Future Treatments Scientists are researching new treatments, including ways to repair damaged salivary glands and developing artificial salivary glands that can be implanted into the body. ### Conclusion Dry mouth is more than just an inconvenience; it can lead to serious dental problems. If you experience symptoms, consult your doctor for appropriate treatment and follow good oral hygiene practices.