### Bulimia Nervosa: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments **Causes**: Bulimia nervosa is a complex eating disorder influenced by a mix of genetic, psychological, and social factors. It often starts in late childhood or early adulthood and is more common in women. Factors include personality traits, emotional states, thinking patterns, and societal beauty standards. **Symptoms**: The main symptoms include episodes of binge eating followed by purging. This can lead to various health problems such as dental issues, digestive tract problems, dehydration, and mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. Dental issues arise because frequent vomiting exposes teeth to stomach acid, leading to enamel erosion, cavities, and gum infections. **Treatments**: Treatment usually involves a combination of therapy and medication. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) helps change harmful thoughts and behaviors. Family-Based Treatment (FBT) and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) are also effective. Medications like fluoxetine (Prozac) are FDA-approved for bulimia. Nutritional counseling helps establish healthy eating habits. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required. Support from friends, family, and support groups can also be beneficial. **Dental Health**: Frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa can severely damage dental health. Stomach acid erodes tooth enamel, leading to cavities, tooth sensitivity, and discoloration. It can also cause gum loss and infections. Regular dental check-ups and proper oral hygiene are crucial for managing these issues.