### What is Ameloblastoma? Ameloblastoma is a rare type of tumor that starts in the jaw, often near the wisdom teeth or molars. This tumor is made from cells that form the enamel protecting your teeth. ### Symptoms and Effects The tumor can cause pain or swelling and may change the appearance of your face. If left untreated, it can become cancerous and spread to lymph nodes or lungs. It usually grows slowly, and early symptoms might just be swelling in the back of the jaw or tooth pain. Some people may not have any symptoms, and it is found during imaging scans for other reasons. In rare cases, it can grow quickly, causing significant pain and even moving your teeth. It can also spread to the nose, eye socket, or skull, and in extreme cases, block the airway or affect eating. ### Causes and Risk Factors The exact cause of ameloblastoma is unknown, but it is more common in men and certain genes seem to play a role. Jaw injuries, mouth infections, viruses, and dietary deficiencies might increase the risk. ### Diagnosis and Treatment Dentists often spot these tumors on X-rays, where they appear like soap bubbles. A biopsy, where a small tissue sample is examined under a microscope, can confirm the diagnosis. Surgery is the primary treatment since drugs and radiation are usually ineffective for non-cancerous ameloblastomas. The surgery involves removing the tumor and some surrounding healthy tissue to prevent regrowth. In some cases, part of the jaw, arteries, and nerves may also need to be removed, followed by reconstructive surgery and rehabilitation. Post-surgery, regular CT scans are necessary for up to 5 years to ensure the tumor does not return. If it does, it is more likely to become cancerous, and radiation may be used to control its spread. Scientists are researching new treatments to shrink these tumors without surgery, including drugs that target similar genetic issues in cancers. ### Conclusion Ameloblastoma is a serious condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe complications. Regular dental check-ups and imaging scans can help in early detection and management.