### Understanding Allergies and Anaphylaxis **What is Anaphylaxis?** Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that requires immediate treatment. If you experience an anaphylactic reaction, you need an epinephrine (adrenaline) shot right away, and someone should call emergency services. Without treatment, it can be fatal. **Symptoms and Stages** Anaphylaxis symptoms can start mild, like a runny nose or skin rash, but can quickly become severe. Within about 30 minutes, more serious symptoms like difficulty breathing, swelling, and a sense of doom can appear. Some people may experience a second reaction within 12 hours, known as biphasic anaphylaxis. **Common Triggers** - **Children:** Foods like peanuts, tree nuts, milk, and eggs. - **Adults:** Medications and foods. - **Others:** Insect stings, latex, and exercise after eating certain foods. **Emergency Preparedness** - **Carry Epinephrine:** Always have at least two doses of epinephrine if you've had an anaphylactic reaction before. - **Medical Alert:** Wear a medical alert bracelet or carry a card with your allergy information. - **Know the Signs:** Recognize early symptoms to get help before they become severe. **Treatment** - **Immediate Action:** Use an epinephrine shot immediately, usually in the thigh. If symptoms don't improve, a second shot may be needed within 30 minutes. - **Medical Help:** Call emergency services. Medical personnel may provide additional epinephrine, antihistamines, steroids, and other treatments. - **Follow-Up:** Stay in the emergency room for several hours to monitor for a second reaction. See an allergy specialist for further evaluation and possible allergy shots. **Prevention** - **Avoid Triggers:** Identify and avoid known allergens. - **Educate:** Make sure you and those around you know how to use epinephrine injectors and recognize symptoms. By understanding anaphylaxis and being prepared, you can manage your allergies and reduce the risk of severe reactions.