What are chronic hives, how are they diagnosed, and what are their potential causes?
Chronic hives, also known as chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) or chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), are a condition where red, itchy welts appear on the skin repeatedly for six weeks or more without a known cause. While hives are common and usually go away quickly, chronic hives persist and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. They are most common in people aged 20 to 40 and affect less than 1% of the population. Each outbreak typically lasts less than 24 hours, but new hives continue to form. The exact cause of chronic hives is unknown, but the immune system is believed to play a role. Some people with chronic hives also have other health issues like thyroid disease, hormonal problems, or cancer. To diagnose chronic hives, doctors will ask about your medical history, symptoms, and any potential triggers such as foods, medications, or pets. They may also test for other conditions like thyroid disorders. If no specific cause is found, the diagnosis is usually CSU. Although there is no cure for chronic hives, they are not dangerous and can be managed with medications and lifestyle changes. Most people experience relief within 1 to 5 years, though in some cases, the condition can last longer.