### What is Alopecia Areata? Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss, often in small, round patches. It can affect the scalp, face, and other parts of the body. The condition can also affect nails, making them brittle and pitted. ### Causes The exact cause of alopecia areata is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Stress and other autoimmune disorders may trigger the condition. ### Symptoms - Sudden hair loss in small, round patches - Smooth, bald patches without redness or rash - Tingling, itching, or burning sensation before hair falls out - Nail changes like pitting and brittleness ### Diagnosis A dermatologist will examine your scalp and may perform a biopsy or blood tests to rule out other conditions. ### Treatments While there is no cure, several treatments can help manage symptoms and promote hair regrowth: - **Corticosteroids**: Anti-inflammatory drugs that can be injected, taken orally, or applied topically. - **Topical Immunotherapy**: Chemicals applied to the scalp to trigger an allergic reaction, promoting hair growth. - **Minoxidil (Rogaine)**: A topical treatment that can take about 12 weeks to show results. ### Other Options - Wearing wigs, hats, or scarves to cover hair loss - Reducing stress, as it may trigger the condition - Vitamin D supplements and a balanced diet ### Emotional Support Alopecia areata can cause anxiety and sadness. Support groups can help you cope with the psychological effects. ### Prognosis The condition may come and go throughout your life. Hair may regrow, but it can also fall out again. Always consult a doctor for sudden hair loss to rule out other causes.