### Understanding Scalp Eczema and Its Management Scalp eczema is a skin condition that causes inflamed, itchy, and dry skin on the scalp. The most common type is seborrheic dermatitis, which often results in dandruff. In babies, this condition is known as cradle cap. #### Causes Seborrheic dermatitis is caused by the overproduction of sebum, the natural oils in the scalp. This condition is not contagious and can also appear in other oily areas of the skin such as the face, ears, chest, back, armpits, and genitals. There is a strong association between seborrheic dermatitis and yeast of the genus Malassezia, which are normally present on the skin but can overgrow in people with this condition. The exact connection between the yeast and eczema symptoms is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an immune reaction. #### Triggers Several factors can worsen scalp eczema symptoms, including extreme weather (especially cold, dry weather) and stress. Other potential triggers include certain skin conditions like psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and folliculitis. #### Treatment There is no cure for scalp eczema, but medications can help reduce and prevent symptoms. Over-the-counter dandruff shampoos with ingredients like ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione can ease inflammation and remove flaky skin. For severe cases, doctors may prescribe stronger medications such as corticosteroids, ciclopirox, sulfacetamide sodium, tacrolimus, or pimecrolimus. #### Management To manage scalp eczema and prevent flare-ups, it is important to control risk factors and triggers. Regular use of medicated shampoos and topical treatments can help. Exposure to sunlight may also improve symptoms for some people. If over-the-counter solutions are not effective, consulting a dermatologist is recommended. Immediate medical attention is necessary if the skin patches drain fluid or pus, form crusts, or become very red or painful. #### Conclusion Scalp eczema can be uncomfortable, but with proper treatment and management, symptoms can be relieved. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment options.