### Causes and Treatments for Dry Scalp Dry scalp is a common condition that can cause dryness, itchiness, and flaking of the scalp. It can be caused by various factors, including environmental conditions, skin conditions, and lifestyle choices. Here are some common causes and their treatments: #### 1. Dandruff Dandruff is often confused with dry scalp but is actually caused by excess oil build-up. This oil prevents the normal shedding of dead skin cells, leading to visible white flakes. **Treatment:** Medicated shampoos containing ingredients like zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, or ketoconazole can help. If symptoms persist, consult a doctor for alternative treatments or steroid lotions. #### 2. Scalp Psoriasis Scalp psoriasis is a chronic condition caused by an overactive immune system, leading to an overproduction of skin cells. This results in red, inflamed, and flaky patches on the scalp. **Treatment:** Topical treatments like corticosteroids, salicylic acid, and coal tar can be effective. In severe cases, phototherapy or systemic medications may be recommended. #### 3. Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) Eczema causes red, itchy rashes and can affect the scalp. It is often linked to a genetic variation that affects the skin's ability to protect itself. **Treatment:** Moisturizing creams, topical corticosteroids, and antihistamines can help manage symptoms. In some cases, doctors may recommend immunosuppressive drugs. #### 4. Environmental Factors Cold weather, low humidity, and excessive use of hair products can also contribute to a dry scalp. **Treatment:** Using a humidifier, reducing the use of harsh hair products, and applying moisturizing shampoos and conditioners can alleviate symptoms. If your dry scalp causes significant discomfort or severe symptoms like bleeding, cracking, or hair loss, consult a physician for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.