### Common and Rare Side Effects of High Blood Pressure Medications Medications for high blood pressure, also known as hypertension, can have a range of side effects. While many people experience only mild or no side effects, it's important to be aware of both common and rare reactions. #### Common Side Effects 1. **Diuretics (Water Pills):** May cause increased urination, dehydration, and low potassium levels. 2. **Beta-Blockers:** Can lead to fatigue, cold hands and feet, and slow heartbeat. 3. **ACE Inhibitors:** Often cause a dry cough, elevated blood potassium levels, and dizziness. 4. **ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers):** Commonly cause dizziness and may increase potassium levels. 5. **Calcium Channel Blockers:** Can result in swollen ankles, constipation, and dizziness. 6. **Alpha-Blockers:** May cause dizziness and a rapid heartbeat. 7. **Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists:** Can lead to drowsiness and dry mouth. 8. **Alpha-Beta-Blockers:** May cause dizziness and low blood pressure when standing up. 9. **Central Alpha-Adrenoceptor Agonists:** Can cause drowsiness and dry mouth. 10. **Peripheral Adrenergic Inhibitors:** May lead to depression and nasal congestion. 11. **Vasodilators:** Can cause headaches, swollen ankles, and a rapid heartbeat. 12. **Renin Inhibitors:** May cause diarrhea and elevated potassium levels. #### Rare Side Effects 1. **ACE Inhibitors:** Rarely, they can cause severe swelling (angioedema), which is a medical emergency. 2. **Beta-Blockers:** In rare cases, they can cause severe breathing problems and heart failure. 3. **Calcium Channel Blockers:** Rarely, they can cause severe rashes and liver dysfunction. 4. **Diuretics:** In rare cases, they can cause severe dehydration and kidney problems. #### Important Tips - Always consult your doctor before stopping or changing your medication. - If you experience severe symptoms like swelling of the face, breathing problems, or fainting, seek emergency medical care. - Discuss any persistent side effects with your doctor to find the best treatment plan for you. By understanding the potential side effects, you can better manage your treatment and maintain your health.