### Dyshidrotic Eczema: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Prevention Dyshidrotic eczema, also known as dyshidrosis or pompholyx, is a type of dermatitis that affects the hands and feet. It is characterized by tiny blisters that can be extremely itchy. These blisters usually appear between the fingers and toes and can cause significant discomfort. #### Symptoms - Tiny, itchy blisters on the hands and feet - Redness and inflammation - Cracked or scaly skin - Pain and swelling #### Causes and Risk Factors The exact cause of dyshidrotic eczema is unknown, but several factors can trigger flare-ups: - Contact with irritating chemicals like soaps, detergents, or hand sanitizers - Sweating - Seasonal changes - Stress - Allergic reactions - Atopic dermatitis - Fungal and bacterial infections - Exposure to nickel or cobalt - Excessive exposure to water - Intravenous immunoglobulin infusions (IVIG) - Exposure to cement #### Treatment While there is no cure for dyshidrotic eczema, various treatments can help manage the symptoms: - **Gentle Skin Care:** Use mild cleansers and moisturizers. Avoid harsh soaps. - **Topical Steroids:** These can reduce inflammation and itching. - **Nonsteroidal Topicals:** Medications like tacrolimus (Protopic) can be effective. - **Phototherapy:** Narrowband UVB light therapy can help reduce inflammation. - **Dietary Changes:** For those with nickel sensitivity, a nickel-free diet may be recommended. - **Natural Remedies:** Sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, and diluted apple cider vinegar or black tea soaks can provide relief for milder cases. #### Prevention - Avoid known triggers - Wear cotton-lined gloves when doing wet work - Keep skin moisturized - Wear lightweight clothing - Avoid gloves, socks, and shoes that trap moisture #### Complications Severe cases can lead to cracked, fissured, and bleeding skin, making daily tasks difficult. Constant scratching can increase the risk of skin infections, including staph infections, which can become serious if left untreated. #### Mental Health Impact Dyshidrotic eczema can also affect mental health, leading to stress, anxiety, and depression. It's important to seek support from healthcare providers and mental health professionals if needed.