### Mosquito Bites and the Diseases They Spread Mosquito bites are not just annoying; they can also spread serious diseases. When a mosquito bites, it injects saliva into your skin, causing an itchy red bump. Some mosquitoes carry germs that can cause illnesses such as West Nile virus, Zika virus, chikungunya, encephalitis, dengue fever, yellow fever, and malaria. #### Common Diseases Spread by Mosquitoes - **West Nile Virus**: Most people show no symptoms, but some may experience fever and flu-like symptoms. In severe cases, it can cause brain swelling. - **Zika Virus**: Often mild with symptoms like fever, joint pain, and rash. It can cause birth defects if a pregnant woman is infected. - **Chikungunya**: Causes severe joint pain that can last for weeks. - **Dengue Fever**: Causes high fever and bleeding. Severe cases can lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever, which requires immediate medical attention. - **Yellow Fever**: Rare due to vaccination requirements. Symptoms range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe liver and kidney failure. - **Malaria**: Not common in the U.S. but prevalent in tropical regions. Causes fever, chills, and can be fatal if untreated. #### How to Protect Yourself - **Use Mosquito Repellent**: Choose products with EPA-approved ingredients like DEET or picaridin. - **Wear Protective Clothing**: Long sleeves and pants can help reduce skin exposure. - **Avoid Standing Water**: Mosquitoes lay eggs in standing water, so eliminate any sources around your home. - **Use Mosquito Nets**: Especially useful in areas where mosquito-borne diseases are common. - **Stay Indoors During Peak Mosquito Hours**: Mosquitoes are most active during dawn and dusk. By taking these precautions, you can reduce your risk of mosquito bites and the diseases they spread.