### Overview of Psoriasis Psoriasis is a common skin condition that causes thick, red patches covered with silvery scales. These patches can appear anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back. Psoriasis is not contagious and cannot be passed from person to person, although it can occur in multiple family members. ### Symptoms Psoriasis usually starts as small, red bumps that grow larger and form scales. The skin appears thick and may bleed easily if the scales are picked or rubbed off. The rashes can be itchy and painful, and the skin may crack. Nails may also be affected, becoming pitted, thickened, cracked, or loose. ### Causes The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. An abnormal immune system response causes inflammation, leading to the rapid production of new skin cells. Normally, skin cells are replaced every 10 to 30 days, but in psoriasis, new cells form every 3 to 4 days, causing a buildup of old cells. ### Triggers Certain factors can trigger psoriasis outbreaks, including stress, skin injuries, infections, and certain medications. While psoriasis is more likely to occur if it runs in your family, it can affect anyone. ### Treatment There is no cure for psoriasis, but various treatments can help manage the symptoms. Treatments aim to slow the growth of new skin cells and relieve itching and dry skin. Options include topical treatments, light therapy, and systemic medications. Your doctor will recommend a treatment plan based on the severity of your condition, the location of the patches, your age, and overall health. ### Self-Care Tips - **Don't scratch:** Use a cold compress or ice pack to soothe your skin. - **Moisturize:** Choose a fragrance-free moisturizer suitable for sensitive skin. - **Wear sunscreen:** Sunburn can worsen psoriasis. - **Manage stress:** Stress can trigger flare-ups, so practice stress management techniques like exercise, meditation, and spending time with loved ones. ### Associated Conditions People with psoriasis are more likely to develop other health conditions such as heart disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Managing psoriasis effectively can help reduce the risk of these associated conditions.