### Can Mothers with HIV Breastfeed Their Babies? According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), mothers with HIV may consider breastfeeding their newborns if they are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and have an undetectable viral load. ART helps suppress the virus, making the risk of transmission through breast milk very low, below 1%. However, exclusive breastfeeding should be maintained for at least 6 months, as switching between formula and breast milk may increase the risk of transmission. The only way to completely eliminate the risk is to avoid breastfeeding altogether. Breastfeeding offers numerous benefits for both the baby and the mother. Babies who are breastfed have better protection against infectious diseases, allergies, obesity, diabetes, and sudden infant death syndrome. Mothers who breastfeed experience a reduced risk of breast and ovarian cancer, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes. The AAP emphasizes a family-centered, nonjudgmental approach to support mothers with HIV who wish to breastfeed. Regular testing every 1 to 2 months is recommended for breastfeeding mothers with undetectable HIV. This new recommendation comes as more mothers with HIV express a desire to breastfeed for various reasons, including bonding with their infant, providing optimal nutrition, fulfilling their parental role, and meeting cultural expectations. Some mothers also worry that not breastfeeding may inadvertently disclose their HIV status to family and friends. The AAP's updated guidelines align with recent changes from other health organizations like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, reflecting the latest research showing the low risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding when the mother is on effective ART.