### Types of Atrial Fibrillation and Their Treatments Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a common heart condition characterized by an irregular and often rapid heart rate. There are three primary types of AFib: paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent. **1. Paroxysmal AFib** This type of AFib comes and goes, lasting for less than a week. It may occur for a few minutes or several days. Often, it resolves on its own without treatment, but it's important to consult a doctor if you experience symptoms. Triggers can include heavy drinking or extreme stress. **2. Persistent AFib** Persistent AFib lasts longer than a week and may not stop on its own. It often starts as paroxysmal AFib. Treatment may include medications or procedures like electrical cardioversion, where a low-voltage current resets the heart's rhythm. This procedure is usually done in a hospital under sedation. **3. Permanent AFib** Permanent AFib lasts for more than a year and doesn't go away. Medications and treatments like electrical cardioversion may not be effective. Other treatments, such as ablation (burning certain areas of the heart's electrical system), may be used to restore normal heart rhythm. Long-term medication may be necessary to control heart rate and reduce the risk of stroke. **Valvular vs. Nonvalvular AFib** - **Valvular AFib**: Caused by heart valve problems such as artificial heart valves, valvular stenosis, or regurgitation. Conditions like mitral valve disease increase the risk. - **Nonvalvular AFib**: Not caused by heart valve issues but by other factors like high blood pressure or an overactive thyroid. Sometimes, the cause is unknown. **Complications and Treatment** AFib can cause blood to pool in the heart, increasing the risk of blood clots and strokes. Doctors may prescribe medication to lower stroke risk. Treatment varies depending on the type of AFib and may include lifestyle changes, medications, or procedures. If you have symptoms of AFib, consult your doctor to determine the best treatment plan for you.