### How Jardiance Treats Type 2 Diabetes Jardiance (empagliflozin) is a medication approved by the FDA in 2014 to help manage type 2 diabetes. It works by lowering blood sugar levels and reducing the risk of serious cardiovascular events like heart attacks and strokes in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Jardiance is not approved for type 1 diabetes but can also be used in people without diabetes who have heart failure or kidney disease. #### How It Works Jardiance targets a protein in the kidneys called sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2). Normally, SGLT2 helps reabsorb sugar back into the bloodstream. Jardiance temporarily blocks this protein, allowing more sugar to be excreted through urine. This process not only lowers blood sugar levels but can also lead to weight loss and reduced blood pressure. #### Clinical Studies Clinical studies have shown that Jardiance is effective in lowering HbA1c (a measure of blood sugar control over three months) and fasting blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. The studies included a diverse group of participants and compared Jardiance to placebos and other diabetes medications like insulin, metformin, and sulfonylureas. - **Adults with Type 2 Diabetes**: Jardiance significantly lowered HbA1c and fasting blood sugar levels compared to placebos. - **Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and Kidney Disease**: Adding Jardiance to existing diabetes medications resulted in a greater reduction in HbA1c. - **Children with Type 2 Diabetes**: Jardiance was more effective than placebos in lowering HbA1c and fasting blood sugar levels. - **Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Disease**: Jardiance reduced the risk of heart-related deaths, heart attacks, and strokes. #### Dosage and Side Effects Jardiance is taken as an oral tablet once daily, usually in the morning. Common side effects include increased urination, dehydration, and a higher risk of urinary tract infections. Serious side effects can include low blood sugar, diabetic ketoacidosis, and an increased risk of amputations in people with a history of peripheral artery disease. #### Important Considerations - **Hydration**: Stay well-hydrated to avoid dehydration. - **Monitor Blood Sugar**: Regularly check your blood sugar levels to avoid hypoglycemia. - **Foot Care**: Inspect your feet daily for any sores or infections. - **Report Side Effects**: Report any side effects to your healthcare provider or the FDA. Jardiance can be an effective part of a diabetes management plan, but it's essential to follow your healthcare provider's instructions and stay informed about potential side effects.