### Understanding Diabetes: More Than Just Weight Diabetes is a condition where your blood sugar levels are too high. It's a common myth that only overweight or obese people can develop diabetes. In reality, many factors contribute to the risk of developing diabetes, and weight is just one of them. #### Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This type of diabetes is not related to weight. The primary risk factor for type 1 diabetes is family history or genetics. Most people with type 1 diabetes have a normal body mass index (BMI). #### Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes is more common and accounts for over 90% of diabetes cases. In this condition, the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin, or the body's cells become resistant to insulin. While being overweight is a significant risk factor, it's not the only one. About 12.5% of people with type 2 diabetes have a normal BMI. Other risk factors include: - **Family History**: If you have a parent with type 2 diabetes, your risk is 40%. If both parents have it, your risk jumps to 70%. - **Visceral Fat**: Even people with a normal weight can have excess visceral fat, which surrounds the abdominal organs and affects glucose metabolism. - **High Cholesterol**: Genetics play a significant role in cholesterol levels, which can also impact diabetes risk. - **Sedentary Lifestyle**: Lack of physical activity doubles the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. - **Poor Diet**: A diet high in sugar and processed foods increases the risk, regardless of weight. - **Smoking**: Smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day doubles the risk of diabetes. #### Gestational Diabetes Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and affects 2-10% of pregnancies. Women who develop gestational diabetes have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. #### Myths and Misconceptions Many myths surround diabetes, such as the idea that it's caused solely by eating too much sugar or that only overweight people can develop it. These myths can prevent people from seeking proper care. Understanding the various risk factors can help you take steps to reduce your risk and seek appropriate treatment if needed. If you have one or more risk factors for diabetes, it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and management.