### Lesser-Known Effects of Diabetes Diabetes can impact almost every system in the body. Here are some effects you might not be aware of: 1. **Insulin Administration Methods**: Besides self-administering insulin, there are other methods like different needle sizes, preloaded insulin pens, and insulin pumps. Insulin pumps are portable devices that deliver insulin continuously throughout the day. This method, known as Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII), helps maintain lower A1C levels over time. 2. **Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGMs)**: CGMs are small devices that monitor blood sugar levels throughout the day and night, updating every few minutes. They can alert you if your sugar levels rise or fall, helping you maintain desired levels. CGMs are linked to significant reductions in A1C and lower risks of severe hypoglycemia. 3. **Cognitive Impairment**: Research links diabetes with cognitive deficiencies. Adults with type 1 diabetes are up to five times more likely to experience cognitive decline. High blood sugar levels over time contribute to this risk. 4. **Sexual Health Issues**: Diabetes can cause erectile dysfunction, vaginal dryness, and anxiety, affecting sexual desire and enjoyment. Managing blood sugar levels and seeking medical and emotional support can help address these issues. 5. **Oral Health Complications**: High blood sugar levels can lead to gum disease, oral infections, and tooth decay. Regular dental check-ups and informing your dentist about your diabetes can help manage these risks. 6. **Vision Problems**: Diabetes can damage the blood vessels in your eyes, leading to vision loss or blindness. Regular eye exams can detect early damage and prevent progression. 7. **Foot Problems**: Diabetes can cause foot issues due to poor wound healing and nerve damage. Wearing comfortable shoes and inspecting your feet daily can prevent complications. Managing blood sugar levels is crucial to preventing these complications. Consult with your healthcare team for personalized advice and support.