### Lesser-Known Risk Factors for Stroke and the Role of High Temperatures Most people are aware that high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and heart disease can increase the risk of stroke. However, high outdoor and indoor temperatures are lesser-known risk factors that can also contribute to stroke. Here's what you need to know: #### How High Temperatures Affect Stroke Risk 1. **Circadian Rhythm Disruption**: Our body temperature is regulated by a process called circadian thermoregulation, which is tied to our circadian rhythm or the 24-hour internal clock. Excessive heat can disrupt this rhythm, leading to increased nighttime blood pressure and disturbed sleep, both of which are risk factors for stroke. 2. **Dehydration and Blood Clots**: High temperatures cause the body to send more blood to the skin to cool down, leading to sweating and dehydration. Dehydration thickens the blood, making it more likely to form clots that can block blood flow to the brain and cause a stroke. 3. **Increased Blood Viscosity**: Heat can make the gut lining more permeable, allowing bacteria to enter the bloodstream. These bacteria release toxins that cause inflammation, contributing to stroke by making artery plaques unstable. #### Who Is Most at Risk? People with conditions that make them more likely to develop blood clots are at higher risk. This includes individuals with atrial fibrillation, a condition where the heart beats irregularly, increasing the likelihood of clot formation. Other conditions like a patent foramen ovale (PFO), a hole in the heart, can also raise the risk. #### Preventive Measures 1. **Stay Hydrated**: Drinking plenty of water is crucial. Men should aim for around 15.5 cups (3.7 liters) a day, and women should try to drink around 11.5 cups (2.7 liters) a day, especially in hot weather. 2. **Regular Check-ups**: Regular physical exams can help identify conditions that may increase stroke risk. Managing underlying health conditions like hypertension and dyslipidemia is essential. 3. **Adequate Sleep**: Aim for 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night. Keep your bedroom cool with air conditioning or fans to ensure a comfortable sleep environment. By understanding these lesser-known risk factors and taking preventive measures, you can reduce your risk of stroke, especially during hot weather.