### What are Sulfonylureas? Sulfonylureas are a group of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes. They help manage blood sugar levels by increasing the release of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin is a hormone that helps your body use sugar (glucose) for energy. In type 2 diabetes, the body doesn't use insulin properly, leading to high blood sugar levels. ### How Do They Work? Sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin. This helps lower blood sugar levels, making it easier to manage diabetes. These medications are usually taken in combination with a healthy diet and regular exercise. ### Common Sulfonylureas Some commonly prescribed sulfonylureas include glipizide, glyburide, and glimepiride. These drugs are often used along with other diabetes medications like metformin. ### Side Effects Common side effects of sulfonylureas can include low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), weight gain, and skin sensitivity to sunlight. It's important to know the symptoms of low blood sugar and how to treat it. ### Precautions Sulfonylureas are not suitable for people with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. They should also be used with caution in people with liver or kidney problems. Always talk to your doctor about any other medications you are taking to avoid interactions. ### Special Considerations - **Alcohol:** Limit or avoid alcohol as it can worsen side effects. - **Pregnancy:** Only glyburide is approved for use during pregnancy, but discuss with your doctor for the best advice. - **Medical Procedures:** Inform your healthcare provider that you are taking sulfonylureas before any medical or dental procedures. ### Conclusion Sulfonylureas are effective in managing type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin release from the pancreas. They should be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes diet and exercise. Always consult your doctor for personalized advice and to understand potential side effects and interactions.