### How to Detect Diabetic Macular Edema Early Regular visits to an ophthalmologist are crucial for early detection of diabetic macular edema (DME). Here are some key tests that can help in identifying this condition: 1. **Amsler Grid Test**: This is a simple test that you can do at home. It involves looking at a grid with one eye covered. If the lines appear wavy or distorted, it could be a sign of DME. However, this test should not replace a professional eye exam. 2. **Visual Acuity Test**: This test checks how well you can see at different distances using eye charts. It helps in identifying any loss of vision. 3. **Dilated Eye Exam**: Eye drops are used to dilate the pupils, allowing the doctor to examine the retina for any signs of leaking blood vessels or swelling. 4. **Digital Retinal Photography**: A special camera takes pictures of the retina to check for any abnormalities. This test is useful if you don't live near a specialist. 5. **Fluorescein Angiography**: A dye is injected into a vein in your arm, which travels to the eye and highlights the blood vessels in the retina. This helps in identifying any leaks or blockages. 6. **Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)**: This imaging test uses light waves to take detailed pictures of the retina, helping to detect any swelling or thickening. For people with type 1 diabetes, it's recommended to start eye exams within 5 years of diagnosis. For type 2 diabetes, an eye exam should be done soon after diagnosis. Pregnant women with diabetes should have an eye exam before or during the first trimester and may need additional exams during and after pregnancy. In general, people with diabetes should have an eye exam at least once a year. If no diabetic retinopathy is found, exams every two years may be sufficient. However, if any eye disease is diagnosed, more frequent exams may be necessary.