### Causes and Risk Factors for Multiple Myeloma Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects plasma cells. While the exact cause is unknown, several factors can increase the risk of developing this disease. #### Age - **Higher Risk After 45**: The risk increases significantly after the age of 45, with most cases occurring in people over 65. #### Race - **African-Americans at Higher Risk**: African-Americans are twice as likely to develop multiple myeloma compared to white people. This may be linked to a higher prevalence of a condition called MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance) among African-Americans. #### Gender - **Slightly More Common in Men**: Men are slightly more likely to develop multiple myeloma than women. #### Family History - **Genetic Factors**: Having a parent or sibling with multiple myeloma increases your risk, likely due to inherited genetic factors. #### Obesity - **Childhood and Adult Obesity**: Being obese as a child and as an adult can increase the risk. This may be related to how obesity affects hormones and insulin resistance. #### Blood Conditions - **MGUS**: People with MGUS are at higher risk, although not everyone with MGUS will develop multiple myeloma. #### Chemical Exposure - **Hazardous Chemicals**: Working in industries like oil and agriculture, where exposure to chemicals like benzene and pesticides is common, can increase the risk. #### Radiation Exposure - **Radioactive Materials**: Exposure to certain types of radiation, especially in workplaces dealing with radioactive materials, can raise the risk. Understanding these risk factors can help in early detection and prevention strategies for multiple myeloma.