### Understanding Hypoglycemia in Diabetes Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, occurs when your blood glucose levels drop below 70 mg/dL. This condition is common in people with diabetes and can lead to various symptoms and complications. #### Causes - **Insulin Overdose**: Taking too much insulin can lower blood sugar levels excessively. - **Insufficient Food Intake**: Not eating enough after taking diabetes medication can cause a drop in blood glucose. - **Excessive Exercise**: Physical activity uses up glucose, potentially leading to hypoglycemia if not balanced with food intake. #### Symptoms - **Mild Symptoms**: Confusion, heart palpitations, sweating, shakiness, and hunger. - **Severe Symptoms**: Loss of consciousness, seizures, and inability to eat or drink. #### Complications - **Brain Function**: The brain needs a constant supply of glucose; severe hypoglycemia can cause brain damage or loss of consciousness. - **Nerve and Organ Damage**: Fluctuations between low and high blood sugar can damage nerves, blood vessels, and organs. #### Treatments - **Immediate Treatment**: Consuming sugar, such as candy or fruit juice, or taking glucose tablets can quickly raise blood sugar levels. In severe cases, an injection of glucagon or an IV with glucose may be needed. - **Long-term Management**: Work with your doctor to adjust medication dosages, dietary plans, and lifestyle changes to prevent future episodes. Ignoring hypoglycemia can be dangerous. If you or someone you care for has diabetes and shows symptoms of low blood sugar, seek medical help immediately. Proper management and understanding of the causes can help prevent future occurrences.