### Fungal Nail Infections: Signs and Treatments A fungal nail infection, also known as onychomycosis, is a common condition that can cause your nails to become brittle and discolored. This condition is similar to athlete’s foot but affects the nails instead of the skin. Fungi are tiny organisms that can only be seen through a microscope, and many different types can cause a nail infection. Sometimes these fungi live on your skin without causing any problems, but if they accumulate in one area, an infection can occur. #### Signs of Fungal Nail Infection - **Color Changes**: Your nails may turn white, yellow, or brown. - **Texture Changes**: Nails can become thick, brittle, or crumbly. - **Shape Changes**: The shape of the nail may become distorted. - **Separation**: The nail may separate from the nail bed. - **Odor**: There may be a slight foul smell. #### Why Toenails Are More Affected Fungal infections are more common in toenails than fingernails because fungi thrive in dark, warm places. Toenails also have less blood flow than fingernails, making it harder for your body to detect and fight the infection. #### Risk Factors You are more likely to get a fungal nail infection if you: - Have diabetes - Have a weakened immune system - Are older - Wear closed-toe shoes often - Walk barefoot in damp communal areas like pools or locker rooms #### Treatment Options If you think you have a fungal nail infection, see your doctor. Treatments include: - **Oral Medications**: Prescription antifungal pills. - **Topical Treatments**: Special antifungal creams or nail polishes. - **Nail Removal**: In severe cases, the infected nail may need to be removed. - **Laser Treatment**: Lasers can also be used to treat nail fungus. #### Prevention Tips - Wash your hands and feet regularly with soap, making sure to clean between your fingers and toes. - Keep your nails trimmed and clean. - Avoid walking barefoot in damp communal areas. - Wear breathable shoes and change socks regularly. #### Special Considerations for Diabetics If you have diabetes, it’s especially important to take care of a fungal nail infection. You are at greater risk of developing a serious skin infection. Consult your doctor for the best course of action. It can take a year or more for your nails to return to their normal appearance after treatment. Continuous care and preventive measures are essential to avoid recurring infections.