## What is Prediabetes? Prediabetes, also known as borderline diabetes, is a condition where your blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. It is a warning sign that you are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other health issues. ## Causes of Prediabetes Prediabetes occurs due to insulin resistance. This means your body produces insulin but doesn't use it effectively, leading to higher blood sugar levels. Factors contributing to insulin resistance include being overweight, lack of physical activity, and genetic predisposition. ## Symptoms of Prediabetes Most people with prediabetes do not experience noticeable symptoms. However, some may notice signs like increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Women may experience specific symptoms such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). ## Risk Factors You are more likely to develop prediabetes if you are overweight, have a family history of diabetes, are over 45 years old, or belong to certain ethnic groups. Lack of physical activity and poor diet also increase your risk. ## Diagnosis Doctors diagnose prediabetes using blood tests such as the fasting plasma glucose test, oral glucose tolerance test, and hemoglobin A1c test. These tests measure your blood sugar levels to determine if they are in the prediabetes range. ## Treatment Options The main treatment for prediabetes is adopting a healthy lifestyle. This includes eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and losing weight if necessary. In some cases, doctors may prescribe medication like metformin to help control blood sugar levels. ## Diet and Exercise There is no specific diet for prediabetes, but making healthy food choices can help. Focus on eating whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins. Regular physical activity, such as 30 minutes of moderate exercise five days a week, can also help manage blood sugar levels. ## Weight Loss Losing 5%-10% of your body weight can significantly reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Even small weight loss can have a positive impact on your health. ## Sleep and Smoking Getting enough quality sleep and quitting smoking are also important. Poor sleep and smoking can increase your risk of insulin resistance and diabetes. ## Regular Checkups Regular medical checkups are crucial for monitoring your blood sugar levels and overall health. Early detection and management of prediabetes can prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes.