### What is the A1C Test? The A1C test measures the average blood sugar levels over the past three months by checking how much glucose is attached to the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. Hemoglobin is the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen to other cells. The result is reported as a percentage. A normal A1C level is below 5.7%. ### Why is the A1C Test Important? The A1C test is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), an A1C level between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates prediabetes, while a level of 6.5% or above indicates diabetes. Lowering A1C levels can reduce complications related to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves in people with type 2 diabetes. ### Limitations of the A1C Test While the A1C test is useful for most people, it has some limitations. Certain conditions like sickle-cell trait, dialysis, pregnancy, recent blood loss or transfusion, certain medications, and anemia can affect the accuracy of the A1C test. Additionally, ethnicity can influence A1C levels; for example, African Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Asians tend to have higher A1C levels than whites. ### Setting Your A1C Goal Many people with diabetes aim for an A1C of 7% or below. However, the ADA recommends individualizing your A1C goal based on factors like age, other health conditions, and personal health goals. It's essential to work with your healthcare provider to determine the best target for you. ### Lifestyle Changes to Lower A1C If your A1C indicates prediabetes or diabetes, lifestyle changes can help lower your blood glucose levels over time. These changes include: - Eating a balanced diet - Regular physical activity - Maintaining a healthy weight - Monitoring your blood sugar levels Remember, it can take time for these changes to reflect in your A1C numbers. If you don't see immediate results, don't get discouraged. Discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.