A recent study presented at the American College of Cardiology Middle East 2022 conference found that eating more refined grains is linked to a higher risk of premature coronary artery disease (PCAD), while consuming whole grains is associated with a lower risk. Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs when the blood flow to the heart muscle is reduced due to the buildup of plaques in the arteries. This condition can lead to chest pain or heart attacks. The study involved 2,099 people with PCAD from various hospitals in Iran, who had undergone coronary angiography. The researchers found that higher intakes of refined grains were associated with increased PCAD risk, while higher intakes of whole grains were linked to reduced risk. Whole grains contain all parts of the grain kernel, including the bran, germ, and endosperm, which provide essential nutrients like fiber, B vitamins, and antioxidants. Refined grains, on the other hand, have the bran and germ removed, leaving mostly starchy carbohydrates. This makes refined grains less nutritious. Experts recommend gradually increasing whole grain intake to avoid digestive discomfort and aiming for 25-34 grams of fiber per day. Simple swaps like choosing whole grain bread over white bread or brown rice over white rice can help increase whole grain consumption.