Osteopenia is a condition where bone density is lower than normal but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis. It is not a disease itself but increases the risk of developing osteoporosis, which can lead to fractures, a stooped posture, severe pain, and height loss. Preventing osteopenia involves proper diet and exercise. If you already have osteopenia, consult your doctor on how to improve and prevent it from worsening to avoid osteoporosis. Osteopenia typically has no symptoms, and losing bone density does not cause pain. Aging is the most common risk factor, especially in postmenopausal women due to decreased estrogen levels. For diet, consume foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, such as dairy products, fortified cereals, and orange juice. For exercise, weight-bearing activities like walking, jumping, and running can help strengthen bones. As you age, exercises focusing on muscle strength and balance also become important.