After menopause, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is often recommended to replenish the hormones that the body no longer produces. It is important to discuss this option with your doctor. HRT typically includes an estrogen/progestin supplement, administered orally, via skin patch, or gel. Estrogen can help treat vaginal dryness, osteoporosis (thinning of the bones), and symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats. Using estrogen alone may increase the risk of endometrial or uterine cancer, but progestin can counteract this risk. However, both estrogen and progestin have side effects such as irregular bleeding, headaches, bloating, and breast swelling and pain. Women who have had a hysterectomy may use estrogen alone. Recent studies have shown that women on HRT have an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, blood clots, and breast cancer. For vaginal symptoms, doctors may recommend vaginal creams to reduce thinning tissue and improve lubrication. Diet and regular exercise can also help alleviate symptoms and maintain overall health.