Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory form of arthritis affecting the spine and nearby joints. Chronic inflammation over time can cause vertebrae in the spine to fuse, reducing flexibility. Besides back pain, AS can affect other body parts like the eyes, heart, and digestive system. Untreated AS can lead to osteoporosis, making bones weak and prone to fractures, especially in the spine. AS is also linked to cardiovascular diseases, lung complications, and rare neurological issues like cauda equina syndrome and amyloidosis. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce symptoms and long-term risks. Consult your doctor if you have AS and develop new symptoms.