Kyphosis is a condition where the upper spine curves forward more than usual, giving a hunched appearance. Causes include poor posture during teenage years, osteoporosis in older adults, spinal fractures, congenital spine defects, and Scheuermann's disease. Symptoms range from a slight rounding of the back to severe pain, stiffness, rounded shoulders, different shoulder heights, weakness, numbness, tight hamstrings, breathing or swallowing difficulties, and trouble walking. Mild kyphosis might not need treatment, but severe cases might require physical therapy, braces, pain relievers, or surgery. Treatment depends on the cause, severity, and age of the patient. Surgery is often considered for severe pain, congenital kyphosis, or Scheuermann's kyphosis with a curve over 75 degrees.