Common medications for treating osteoporosis include calcium tablets, vitamin D, bisphosphonates, and some hormone medications. Calcium tablets and vitamin D help strengthen bones, while bisphosphonates can reduce bone loss. When using these medications, follow the doctor's recommended dosage and avoid overuse. Additionally, maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, such as dairy products and fish, and engage in moderate physical exercise. Regularly check bone density to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment.