Low back pain is a common issue that affects many people at some point in their lives. The main causes include mechanical stress and strain on the lower back, degenerative disc disease, herniated discs, and genetic factors. The spine supports the weight of the upper body, and over time, the cushioning discs between the vertebrae can wear away, leading to pain. A herniated disc occurs when the disc's center bulges and puts pressure on nearby nerves, causing pain that can radiate to other parts of the body. Genetics also play a role, as some people are more prone to back pain due to the number of pain receptors in their discs. To prevent or ease low back pain, maintain good posture, avoid heavy lifting, exercise regularly to strengthen back muscles, quit smoking, and use ergonomic furniture.