Prostate cancer occurs when cancer cells grow uncontrollably in the prostate. Hormone therapy is a treatment that reduces or blocks the body's androgens (such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone) to slow down or kill cancer cells. This treatment can cause physical, mental, and sexual changes, some of which are temporary and others may be permanent. Common side effects include hot flashes, osteoporosis, weight gain, fatigue, loss of bone and muscle mass, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction. Doctors can help mitigate these side effects with medications, exercise, and regular bone mineral density screenings. Bone mineral density screenings can diagnose osteoporosis, detect low bone density, and predict fracture risk. Regular follow-ups and blood tests are essential to monitor treatment efficacy and cancer progression. Although the side effects of hormone therapy can impact daily life, they can be effectively managed with medical and personal efforts.